Suzanne M. Gray, PhD
NSERC Visiting Fellow in a Canadian Government Lab
Fisheries and Oceans Canada & McGill University |
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Research Interests
I am interested in understanding how diversity is maintained in nature, especially in the face of increasing environmental stressors. Aquatic ecosystems have been particularly devastated by human activity, yet we still know relatively little about how changes to this environment might influence the evolutionary trajectories of diverse fish species. I focus on understanding how changes to the environment influence the behaviour and physiology of fishes and how these responses affect the maintenance of biodiversity. I am also using this research to inform conservation of aquatic biodiversity. |
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Current Research |
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1. The influence of turbidity on African cichlids: One of the major threats to aquatic life is the increase in turbidity associated with deforestation and pollution. Increased turbidity means that there are more suspended solids in the water which could influence aquatic organisms in a multitude of ways, not the least of which is their ability to detect visual signals. In collaboration with Dr. Lauren Chapmen (McGill University) I am testing the influence of turbidity on the relative roles of natural and sexual selection in several tropical fishes. In a widespread African cichlid found in the Lake Victoria basin, Pseudocrenilabrus multicolour victoriae, I am testing for the effects of turbidity on growth, morphology, and especially mating behaviour using a long-term rearing study, a short-term acclimation study, and field surveys across a turbidity gradient.
2. The effects of turbidity on Canadian Endangered fishes: In collaboration with Dr. Nicholas Mandrak (Fisheries and Oceans Canada) and Dr. Lauren Chapman (McGill University) I am assessing turbidity tolerance in Spotted Gar (Threatened), Pugnose Shiner (Endangered) and Brildle Shiner (Of Concern). The goal of this research is to determine the behavioural and physiological response of these and related fish species to increased turbidity. I use sub-lethal progressive acclimation and long-term exposure studies to evaluate how each species copes with this environmental stressor. |
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Curriculum Vitae [Download PDF] |
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2010-2012 |
Visiting Fellow |
Fisheries and Oceans Canada |
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2009-2010 |
Postdoc |
McGill University |
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2007-2008 |
Postdoc |
Queen's University |
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2002-2005 |
Ph.D. |
Simon Fraser University |
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1999-2002 |
M.Sc. |
University of Guelph |
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1995-1999 |
B.Sc. |
University of Guelph |
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Peer-Reviewed Publications
- Gray, S.M., S. Sabbah, and C.W. Hawryshyn. Experimentally increased turbidity causes behavioural shifts in Lake Malawi cichlids. [In Press] Ecology of Freshwater Fish.
- Crispo, E., J.-S. Moore, J. Lee-Yaw, S.M. Gray, and B. Haller. Human impacts on gene flow and the consequences for biodiversity. [In Press] BioEssays.
- Gray, S.M., T.J. Lisney, F. Hart, M. Tremblay, and C.W. Hawryshyn. 2011. The effects of handling time, ambient light and anaesthetic method on the standardized measurement of fish colouration. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 68: 330-342.
- Sabbah, S., S.M. Gray, J.M. Fraser, R. Zatha, and C.W. Hawryshyn. 2011. The underwater photic environment of Cape Maclear, Lake Malawi: Comparison between rock- and sand-bottom habitats and implications for cichlid fish vision. Journal of Experimental Biology, 214: 487-500.
- Watson, C.T., S.M. Gray, M. Hoffmann, K.P. Lubieniecki, B.S. Sandkam, Detlef Weigel, E.R. Loew, C. Dreyer, W.S. Davidson, F. Breden. 2011. Gene duplication and divergence of long wavelength-sensitive opsin genes in the guppy, Poecilia reticulata. Journal of Molecular Evolution, 72: 240-252.
- van der Sluijs, I.* S.M. Gray*, M.C.P. Amorim , I. Barber, U. Candolin, A. Hendry, R. Krahe, M.E. Maan, A.C. Utne-Palm, H.J. Wagner, and B.B.M. Wong. 2011. Communication in troubled waters: The evolutionary implications of changing environments on fish communication systems. Evolutionary Ecology, 25:623-640. (*equal contributors)
- Sabbah, S., R.L. Laria, S.M. Gray, and C.W. Hawryshyn. 2010. Functional diversity in the color vision of cichlid fishes. BMC Biology, 8:133.
- Gray, S.M., J.S. McKinnon, F.Y. Tantu, and L.M. Dill. 2008. “Sneaky eating” in Telmatherina sarasinorum, an endemic egg-eating fish from Lake Matano, Sulawesi. Journal of Fish Biology, 73: 1-4 [PDF]
- Gray, S.M., L.M. Dill, F.Y. Tantu, E.R. Loew, F. Herder, and J.S. McKinnon. 2008. Environment contingent sexual selection in a colour polymorphic fish. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B, 275: 1785-1791 [PDF]
- Gray, S.M. and J.S. McKinnon. 2007. Linking colour polymorphism maintenance and speciation. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 22:71-79 [PDF]
- Gray, S.M., L.M. Dill and J.S. McKinnon. 2007. Cuckoldry incites cannibalism. American Naturalist, 169: 258-263 [PDF]
[ Listen to Quirks & Quarks Interview on CBC Radio]
- Gray, S.M. and J.S. McKinnon. 2006. A comparative description of mating behaviour in the endemic telmatherinid fishes of Sulawesi’s Malili Lakes. Environmental Biology of Fishes, 75 (4): 469-480 [PDF]
- Gray, S.M., B.W. Robinson, and K.J. Parsons. 2005. Testing ecological character displacement against alternative explanations of character shifts in brook sticklebacks (Culaea inconstans). Oecologia, 146: 25-35 [PDF]
- Gray, S.M. and B.W. Robinson. 2002. Experimental evidence that competition between stickleback species favours adaptive character divergence. Ecology Letters, 5: 264-272 [PDF]
- Stewart, J.E., L.J. Marks, L, C.R. Wood, S.M. Risser, and S.M. Gray. 1997. Symbiotic relations between bacteria and the domoic acid producing diatom Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries, and the capacity of these bacteria for gluconic acid/gluconolactone formation. Aquatic Microbial Ecology, 12: 211-221
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Telmatherinids |
Manuscripts submitted for Publications
- S. Sabbah,Gray, S.M., and C.W. Hawryshyn. Underwater radiance fluctuations induced by surface waves improve the detection capabilities of fish. [In revision] Journal of Experimental Biology.
Other Publications
- Gray, S.M., L.M. Dill, F.Y. Tantu, and J.S. McKinnon. 2006. The maintenance of male colour polymorphism in the telmatherinids of the Malili Lakes: implications for conservation. Proceedings of the International Symposium on the Ecology and Limnology of the Malili Lakes.
- Gray, S.M. 2004. The endemic fishes of Lake Matano. INCOmmunication, September Issue.
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Manuscripts in Preparation
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- Gray,S.M., L.M. Dill, F.Y. Tantu, and J.S. McKinnon. The influence of alternative behavioural tactics on differential reproductive success of male colour morphs in Telmatherina sarasinorum.
- Gray, S.M., S. Sabbah, and C.W. Hawryhsyn. Exploring visual microhabitat usage by three sympatric, congeneric Lake Malawi cichlids.
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Scholarships and Awards
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- Linnean Society, Percy Sladen Memorial Trust Grant (2010)
- NSERC Visiting Fellowship in a Canadian Government Laboratory (2010-2012)
- North American Native Fishes Association Conservation Research Grant (2010)
- Fisheries Society of the British Isles Travel Grant (2009)
- American Cichlid Association, Jordan Endowment Fund Research Grant (2009)
- NSERC Postdoctoral Fellowship (2008-2010)
- Department of Biological Sciences Teaching Award, Simon Fraser University (2007)
- American Society of Naturalists Student Travel Award (2006)
- NSERC Graduate Travel Scholarship (2006)
- President’s Research Stipend, Simon Fraser University (2006)
- Linville Graduate Scholarship in Sensory Biology, Simon Fraser University (2005)
- Graduate Fellowship, Simon Fraser University (2004, 2005, 2006)
- Sigma Xi Grant-In-Aid-of-Research, Vision (2004)
- PADI AWARE Foundation Conservation Grant (2003)
- Sigma Xi Grant-In-Aid-of-Research (2003)
- NSERC Post-Graduate Scholarship (2002-2004)
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Short-Term Fellowship (2002)
- Latornell Graduate Travel Grant (2001)
- Norman James Aquatic Ecology Scholarship
- University of Guelph Graduate Scholarship (2000, 2001)
- Ontario Graduate Scholarship in Science and Technology (1999)
- NSERC Summer Student Assistantship (1999)
- Latornell Undergraduate Travel Grant (1998)
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Selected Conferences and Invited Lectures
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- Gray, S.M., F. M. Bieber, L.J. Chapman, and N.E. Mandrak. The effects of turbidity on the behaviour and physiology of Endangered Pugnose Shiner (Notropis anogenus) and congeners. Canadian Conference for Fisheries Research, Toronto, Ontario (Jan. 2011).
- Gray, S.M., F. Cinquemani, N.E. Mandrak, and L.J. Chapman. Fish in muddy waters: The effects of turbidity on fish phenotype and persistence. Quebec Centre for Biodiversity Science Annual Conference, Montreal, Quebec (Nov. 2010).
- Gray, S.M. and Chapman, L.J. (2009) How does turbidity influence the maintenance of fish diversity? International Conference on the Evolutionary Ecology of Fishes, Berlin, Germany (Nov. 2009)
- Gray, S.M., S. Sabbah and C.W. Hawryshyn. Exploring visual microhabitat usage by three sympatric, congeneric Lake Malawi cichlids, Evolution Annual Meeting, Moscow, Idaho (June 2009)
- Gray, S.M., S. Sabbah, and C.W. Hawryshyn. A field experiment testing the influence of increased turbidity on cichlid behaviour in Lake Malawi.Canadian Society of Ecology and Evolution, Halifax, Nova Scotia (May 2009)
- Gray, S.M. The visual ecology and conservation of Lake Malawi cichlids, Evolution and Conservation Biology Discussion Group, McGill University, Quebec (Feb. 2009) - Invited Lecture
- Gray, S.M. The maintenance of male colour polymorphism in an endemic fish from Lake Matano, Sulawesi. Ecology, Evolution and Behaviour Seminar, Queen’s University, Ontario. (Nov. 2007) - Invited Lecture
- Gray, S.M. Sex, colour and cannibalism: male colour polymorphism in an endemic fish from Lake Matano, Sulawesi. Loaves and Fishes Seminar Series, University of Guelph, Ontario. (Oct. 2007) - Invited Lecture
- Gray, S.M., L.M. Dill, F.Y. Tantu, and J.S. McKinnon (presenter). Colour polymorphism maintenance in the telmatherinid fishes of Sulawesi’s Malili Lakes.Speciation in Ancient Lakes, Berlin, Germany. (Sept. 2006)
- Gray, S.M., L.M. Dill and J.S. McKinnon. Cuckoldry incites cannibalism. Society for the Study of Evolution Annual Meeting, Stonybrook, New York, U.S.A. (June 2006)
- Gray, S.M., L.M. Dill, F.Y. Tantu, and J.S. McKinnon. The maintenance of male colour polymorphism in the telmatherinids of the Malili Lakes: implications for conservation. International Symposium on the Ecology and Limnology of the Malili Lakes, Bogor, Indonesia. (March 2006) - Invited Lecture
- Breden, F., S.M Gray, J.S. Taylor, M. Ward, A Churcher, and K. Dick. Duplication and extreme variation in long wave (red)-sensitive opsin genes in the guppy and closely related species. Gordon Research Conference: Genes and Behaviour, Ventura, California, U.S.A. (Feb. 2006)
- Gray, S.M. Sex, fish and videotapes: The maintenance of colour polymorphism. Les Ecologistes Seminar, Behavioural Ecology Research Group, SFU. (March 2005) - Invited Lecture
- Gray, S.M and J.S. McKinnon. Environment-contingent sexual selection and the maintenance of colour polymorphism. Pacific Ecology and Evolution Conference, University of Central Washington, Ellensburg, Washington, U.S.A. (Feb. 2005)
- Gray, S.M. Ikan Danau Matano (The Fish of Lake Matano). YPS National Highschool and Pt. INCO Ltd. Government and Community Relations Department, Soroako, Sulawesi, Indonesia. (Nov. 2004) - Invited Lecture
- Gray, S.M., J.S. McKinnon, F.Y. Tantu and L.M. Dill. Promiscuity and cannibalism in a polymorphic fish from an ancient Sulawesi Lake. Society for the Study of Evolution Annual Meeting, University of California, Chico, California, U.S.A. (June 2003)
- Gray, S.M. and B.W. Robinson. Field experimental evidence that competition favours divergence in Brook sticklebacks (Culaea inconstans). Ecological and Evolutionary Ethology of Fishes Conference, Quebec, Canada. (August 2002)
- Gray, S.M. An examination of spatial segregation in sister species of sea urchins, Echinometra lucunter and E. viridis. Florida International University, Tropical Ecology Field Course, Bocas Marine Station, Bocas del Toro, Panama. (July 2002) - Invited Lecture
- Gray, S.M. and B.W. Robinson. Field tests of competition among diverging sticklebacks. Society for the Study of Evolution Annual Meeting, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, U.S.A. (June 2001)
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Advances in Aquatic Ecology (McGill University, 2011)
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Limnology: Light and Heat in Lakes (McGill University, 2010)
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Neuroethology: The interface between signals and signal reception (Queen’s University, 2007)
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Intro Biology: Sex, colour and videotapes (Simon Fraser University, 2007)
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Evolution: Population genetics 1 and 2; Selection and the environment (Simon Fraser University 2006)
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Animal Ecology: The origin and maintenance of colour polymorphism (Simon Fraser University 2003)
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Teaching Assistantships
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2007: Introduction to Biology (Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University)
2005 & 2006: Evolution (Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University)
2001: Evolutionary Ecology (Zoology, University of Guelph)
2000 & 1999: Comparative Animal Histology (Dept. of Zoology, University of Guelph) |
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Other Research Experience and Collaborations
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- Vision Research: (2004-2005, current)
Dr. Ellis R. Loew, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; in collaboration with Dr. Felix Breden, Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University.
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The evolution of vision in small freshwater fishes (Telmatherinidae, Poecillidae)
- Telmatherinid Adaptive Radiation: (2006 - current)
Dr. Fabian Herder, Curator of Ichthyology, Alexander Koening Museum, Germany
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Short-Term Fellow: (2002)
(Dr. Harris A. Lessios, STRI, Panama City, Panama)
- Studied the maintenance of spatial segregation between sister-species of sea urchins (Echinometra sp.) on a coral reef in Bocas del Toro, Panama; performed a complete reciprocal transplant experiment on the reef over a three-month period using survivorship as a measure of fitness.
- Shark Research Technician: (1998)
(Dr. Steven E. Campana, Marine Fish Division, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada)
- Performed statistical analyses and monitoring of the Nova Scotia Blue Shark Recreational Fishery, including fishing effort, and population dynamics.
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Academic Activities
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- “Communication in Troubled Waters Symposium”, held during the International Conference on Evolutionary Ecology of Fishes, Berlin, Germany, Co-Organizer, Nov. 2009
- Outreach Committee, Canadian Society for Ecology and Evolution, Committee Member, 2009-2011
- Scientific Advisor, Third Millennium Alliance Jama-Coaque Reserve, Ecuador
(2010-current)
- “How to survive grad school (without going insane)” Seminar/Panel discussion, Ecology and Evolution Lunch Seminar Series, Department of Biology, McGill University, Sept. 2009
- Journal reviews: American Naturalist, Animal Behaviour, Biology Letters, Current Zoology, Ecology Letters, Environmental Biology of Fishes, Ethology, Integrative Zoology, Journal of Fish Biology
- Departmental Graduate Studies Committee, Biological Sciences, SFU, Elected Representative, 2005-2007
- Seminal Papers in Behavioural Ecology Discussion Group, Organizer, SFU 2006
- UBC-SFU Ecology and Evolution Retreat, Organizer, 2005
- Graduate Student Mentoring Program, Coordinator, 2003-2005
- Zoology/Botany Graduate Student Retreat, Organizer, 2000
- Ontario Ethology and Ecology Colloquium, Organizing Committee, University of Guelph 2001
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Professional Affiliations
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Last update: Jan. 13, 2012 |
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